"Managers and professionals are in an excellent position to create meaningful, motivating, and stress-free work for their employees," the researchers said. "But our research suggests that many will not do so—they have a natural tendency to design poor work for others. Many professionals are also inclined to blame the worker when there are performance issues, rather than change the inadequate work design. Fortunately, organizations can learn from our research, and take steps to improve the situation."

They recommend that organizations take the follow steps: Recognize the importance of well-designed work—from all perspectives; train managers and other relevant professionals; beware of self-perpetuating cycles; discuss work design in performance reviews; and involve experts where necessary.